Half to william e



(Model.)

-J. W. SCHOONMAKER.

PBRMUTATION LOGE.

Peeeneed reb.27,1883f No.v 272,982.

FIG. 4.

INVNTOR WITNESSES @n @0 i eee C@ JJM/Jem.

' N. PETERS. mnrmhqnph-r. wrmingxen. nA c.

UNITED STATES PATENT Ormea JAMES W. ,SOHOONMAKER OF. ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO WILLAM E. MILBANK, OF SAME PLACE.

PRMUTATIONI-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 272,982, dated February 27, 1883.

Application tiled February 4, 1882.

To all whom it may concern:

Beitknown that LJAMEs W. SoHooNMAKER, of the city and county of Albany, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a full and exact description.

My' invention relates to improvements in that class of mechanisms that is'generally known as the combinationlock,7 in which class of devices, after the parts are adjusted to any contained combination of figures, letters, or other indexical characters, and are interlocked to prevent the retraction ot' the bolt, the lock can only be opened by restoring the parts to the same combination; and thebjects of my improvements are to produce a cheap, simple, and reliable lock, wherein all the changes ot the combinations may be eiected entirely from and on the outside of the lock, and in any condition of light and darkness. I attain these objects by means of the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a front elevation of a lock containing my improvements, and having one of the dials removed therefrom to show the underlying' parts; Fig. 2, a rear elevation of the same; Fig. 3, an enlarged and detached vertical seotion through one of the guard-disks, dial, and part ot' the sliding plate, showing the position ot' said parts while the device is in its locked condition; Fig. 4, the same with the parts arranged in position for changing the combination; and Fig. 5 is a plan View of one of the operating-dials, transversely sectioned through its stem.

As illustrated in the drawings, A indicates the lock plate or case for containing theseveral parts' of my mechanism; B, the guard disks; C, the operating-dials; D, the sliding plate; E, the handle for working the sliding plate; F, the spring-latch, and Gr the hasp.

The plate A is provided on its exterior t'ace with a series of bosses, a, one for each of the sleeves of the guard disks B and one forl the stem of the handle E, and with a mortise, a', through which the catch-piece ot' the hasp Gr enters the lock, as hereinafter described.

The periphery of each of the guard-disks B is out or indented to form gear-llke teeth (Model.)

thereon, and in each one of said disks one of the spaces between the teeth is deepened to form a radial slot, b, for the purpose hereinafter set forth. Each of said disks is also provided with a hollow sleeve, b', that extends outward through its appropriate boss, a, and is furnished with an inwardly-projecting shoulder, b2, that serves as a seat for receiving the pressure of a coiled spring, b3, which is contained in. said sleeve. A stud, b4, is iiXed in the outer end of the sleeve b', to engage in holes formed in the under side of the operating-dials. t

The outer face of each of the operatingdials G is furnished with a series of figures, letters, or any other preferred indexical characters, -indentations, points, or projections, and on the under side of each of said dials there is a concentric row of holes, c, adapted to tit onto the studs b4, and corresponding in numbers and positions to the indexical numbers, letters, Src., ou the face of the dial. A stem, c', is formed on the under side ot' each dial to extend through the sleeve ot' its connected guard-disk, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and on its inner end the said stem is fitted with a iianged collar, c2, that is secured thereto, and is adapted to receive the pressure from the inner end ofthe spring b3, for the purpose of forcing the stud b4 to engage into any one ot' the holes c to which at the time it may be t0 be moved as one piece.

The sliding plate D is interposed between the inner faces of the guarddisks B and the anges of the collars c2, and it is provided with a series of holes, d,'throngh which the sleeves of the collars c2 pass. Said slidil g plate is also provided on its inner face with a. series of stops or projections, d', (one for each ot' the collars 02,) which, when thedevice is locked, engage under the flanges of the collars c2, to prevent the dials C from being drawn outward to effect any change ot' the combination. plate there is a series of short longitudinal ribs,d2,which,untiltheguard-disks are brought around to the required positions for opening On the opposite side ot' said slidingl IOO YF, Yas hereinabove described, the ribs d2 will the lock,.strike against the periphery of the guard-disks and prevent the sliding plate from being moved to release the hold of the lock.

Said ribs d2 are also adapted to engage in slots b of the guard-disks when the slide-plate is moved to release the lock; and it will be 0bserved that the stops d and ribs dzare arranged in such relation to each other that when theistops d are withdrawn from underneath the iianges of the collars o2 the ribs cl2 are engaged in the slots b, and thus prevent the guarddisks B from turning while the changes in the combination are being made, and reciprocally when the ribs d2 are moved out of the slots b,

(thereby leaving the guard-disks B free to turn in either direction,) the stops or projections d will be iixed in position beneath the anges of the collars c2, to prevent the dials C from being drawn outward to effect any changes of the combination. The crank-pin cof the handle E engages in the slotted opening d3, and

thus abrds the means for moving the sliding plate D from the outside of the lock.

The spring-latch F is pivoted at f to the plate A, and is thrown forward by the spring f, so as to engage in the catch-piece g oi' the hasp G. A cam shaped projection, f2, is formed on the said spring-latch, and is adapt ed to receive the pressure ot" the sliding plate D when the latter is moved endwise in that direction, so as to swing back the spring-latch F against the resistance of the spring f', and thereby release the hasp G from its engagement with the said spring-latch.

The mode of changing the combinations in the lock is as follows: The sliding plate D being moved forward to release the spring-latch thereby be engaged in the slots b to hold the guard-disks B in their fixed positions, and the stops dwill be removed from under the danges of the collars c2. Each dial C, or any of them, can be then drawn outward against the resistance of its spring b3 until the stud b4 of its connecting guard-disk is freed from the hole c, in which the said stud has theretot'ore been engaged. The dial lnay then be turned in either direction until the stud will engage in some other hole in the series in the under side of the dial, and then, upon releasing the dial, the resilient action of the spring b3 will force a reengagement of the dial with its corresponding guard-disk in the changed position of the dial, and this position will be' indicated on the exterior of the lock by the indexical devices on the face of the dial, one of which indices will correspond with a fixed mark placed adjacent to each dial, and for this purpose I preferably iiX such mark on the rib a2, formed on the outer face of the plate A; andit is obvious that when the lock is closed up, with the parts adjusted to any particular combination indicated by the indexical figures, characters, or other devices l on the faces of the dials, it can only be opened by restoring the dials to the saine indicated positions, for the reason that until that act is accomplished the ribs d2 cannot pass into the radial slots b ot1 the guard-disks, and consequently the sliding plate D cannot be moved to ei'ect the opening ofthe lock.

While my invention is herein shown and described as applied to a hasp-lock, it is evident that the same mode ofehanging the combinations may be readily applied to any other form of lock by simply making the sliding plate D control the movement of the sliding bolt, or by utilizing the sliding plate to serve as the sliding bolt ofthe lock, and it is also evident that, instead of the three guard-disks B and their coacting parts shown in the drawings, any otherplural number ot' such parts may be employed in a lock Without further invention. Therefore I do not confine myself to any pan ticular style of lock, as the elements herein contained in the combinations set forth may be applied to any, all, and every kind and style oflock.

By substituting points, projections, or indentations of different shapes for the indexical letters, &c., onthe faces of the dials G the lock may be manipulated inthe dark entirely by the sense of feeling.

I claim as my invention- 1. A permutation-lock consisting of a holding plate or case, A, a series of dials arranged in line on theoutside 'of said plate, a guard-disk connected to each of said dials, a radial slotin each ot' said guard-disks, and an independently-operated sliding plate having stops, as d', adapted to operate in connection with a latch, F, substantially as described.

2. In a permutation-lock, the dials C, provided With an interior row of perforations, c, corresponding to a series of exterior symbols, in combinationwith a spindle, c', having the spring, and the sleeve b', having the shoulder b2, and also having the guard plate or disk B, attached to the end opposite that Which contains the pin b4, all substantially as described.

The combination, in a lock, ofthe dials C, the guard-disks B, connected thereto, a sliding IOO IIO

the parts being constructed and arranged so that the guard-plate may be held stationary while the disk is rotated, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a lock, the combination of the dials C, the guard-disks B, theiianged spindles c', and the sliding plate D, having the stops d and ribs d2.

hi JAMES w. s soHooNMAKER.

mark. Titnessesz W. E. MILBANK, WILLIAM H. Low. 

